{"id":9649,"date":"2026-07-19T14:01:56","date_gmt":"2026-07-19T13:01:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/?p=9649"},"modified":"2026-07-20T20:34:23","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T19:34:23","slug":"asrin-muammasi-avrupanin-evladi-nurnberg-ansbach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/?p=9649","title":{"rendered":"ASRIN MUAMMASI-AVRUPANIN EVLADI: N\u00dcRNBERG\/ANSBACH"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da, N\u00fcrnberg\u2019te, hayvansal ya\u011f ve deri ticaretinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuyruk ya\u011f\u0131 pazar meydan\u0131,  Unschlittplatz\u2019<\/em>da sekiz numaral\u0131 binan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde, kendisine b\u00fcy\u00fck gelen partal giysileriyle ve elinde \u015fi\u015fkin, kapal\u0131 bir zarf ile dikilen delikanl\u0131n\u0131n gizemi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilmi\u015f de\u011fil. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

28 May\u0131s 1828 g\u00fcn\u00fc bir kundurac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na dikilen, nereden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirsiz, konu\u015fmas\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaz, davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc o\u011flan\u0131 N\u00fcrnberg 6. S\u00fcvari Alay\u0131\u2019na zarf\u0131n \u00fczerinde ismi yazan  y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131ya g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Zarfta iki mektup vard\u0131. Birincisi, muhtemelen y\u0131llar \u00f6nce yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 30 Nisan 1812\u2019de do\u011fan, 6. S\u00fcvari Alay\u0131\u2019ndan bir asker olan babas\u0131 \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f, Kaspar isimli bebe\u011fini yoksulluk nedeniyle bakamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in terk etti\u011fini ifade eden annenin mektubuydu. \u0130kinci mektup ise bebe\u011fi 7 Ekim 1812’de bulup y\u0131llarca ona bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, okuma yazma \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fini, dini e\u011fitim verdi\u011fini, ancak art\u0131k ona bakamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten fakir bir g\u00fcndelik\u00e7i i\u015f\u00e7iye aitti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mektuplardan 16 ya\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan, do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst konu\u015famayan,  garip  tav\u0131rlar  g\u00f6steren delikanl\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcne ka\u011f\u0131t kalem kondu\u011funda kusursuz bir el yaz\u0131s\u0131yla ismini yazar:  Kaspar Hauser <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tehlikeli bir yabani olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen, ne id\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirsiz delikanl\u0131y\u0131 N\u00fcrnberg Kalesi’nde bir kuleye kapat\u0131rlar.  Bir bebe\u011finki kadar p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz ayak tabanlar\u0131 ve el ayalar\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Yatmadan, daima oturur vaziyette uyumas\u0131,  ekmek ve su d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir \u015fey yiyip i\u00e7ememesi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca perspektif ve mesafe alg\u0131s\u0131nda bozukluk, cans\u0131z nesneleri ay\u0131rt edememesi gibi gariplikler de vard\u0131r.  Kulede ge\u00e7en iki ay\u0131n sonunda delikanl\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131llarca a\u011f\u0131r tecrit alt\u0131nda, insan y\u00fcz\u00fc  g\u00f6rmeden b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f  bir  yabani  \u00e7ocuk oldu\u011funa  karar  verilir.  N\u00fcrnberg belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kuleden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r ve k\u0131demli \u00f6\u011fretmen George Friedrich Daumer\u2019in himayesine verilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00fcrnberg\u2019de\u00a0 kenti gezmek bir anlamda\u00a0Kaspar\u00a0Hauser\u2019in\u00a0izini s\u00fcrmek\u00a0demek. Delikanl\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 pazar meydan\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 az\u00a0\u00f6tesinde\u00a0bulunan\u00a0Beyaz Kule\u00a0(Wei\u00dfe\u00a0Turm)<\/em>\u00a0gezi i\u00e7in\u00a0iyi bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131.\u00a0 \u00a0Bir zamanlar \u015fehre giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n denetlendi\u011fi bir kap\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yer alan kule g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde olduk\u00e7a hareketli bir meydan olan\u00a0Ludwigplatz\u2019da\u00a0dikiliyor.\u00a0Kulenin yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda, Hans Sachs\u2019\u0131n bir \u015fiirinden esinlenen heykelt\u0131ra\u015f J\u00fcrgen Weber\u2019in \u201cEvlilik Karuseli\u201d\u00a0adl\u0131 heykeli, kentteki en dikkat \u00e7ekici eserlerden biri.\u00a0 Zaman i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015fen a\u015famalar\u0131yla bir evlilik tasviri olan bu eserde ilk tutkudan sadakatsizli\u011fe, ge\u00e7im derdinden yabanc\u0131la\u015fmaya, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00f6l\u00fcme kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli temalar yer al\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ludwigplatz<\/em>\u2019dan ilerleyip Kaspar Hauser\u2019\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 pazar meydan\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7er ge\u00e7mez, kenti ikiye b\u00f6len Pegnitz Nehri\u2019ni a\u015fmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan \u00e7ok say\u0131da k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ilki, Cellat K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc (Henkersteg)<\/em> \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za.  Makbul g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen meslek erbab\u0131 olan cellatlar\u0131n kendilerine tahsis edilmi\u015f Cellat Kulesi\u2019ne gidip gelirken, halktan kimselerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131nda.  K\u00f6pr\u00fcden di\u011fer ucunda yer alan Bit Pazar\u0131 (Tr\u00f6delmarkt)<\/em> adac\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ismine kaynakl\u0131k eden bit pazar\u0131ndan eser yok \u015fimdilerde. Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f ve yeme i\u00e7me a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir cazibe merkezi olan Tr\u00f6delmarkt<\/em> adac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer ucunda, d\u00f6nemin Kutsal Roma Germen \u0130mparatoru IV. Karl\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan k\u00f6pr\u00fc (Karlsbr\u00fccke)<\/em> Pegnitz Nehri\u2019nin kuzeyine ge\u00e7i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Bu b\u00f6lge eski \u015fehrin kalbi. Kentin ana meydan\u0131 Hauptmarkt,<\/em>  ola\u011fan zamanlarda sebze-meyve tezgahlar\u0131n\u0131n kuruldu\u011fu, seyyar yeme-i\u00e7me mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n dizildi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pazar yeri olsa da, y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131na yak\u0131n Noel pazarlar\u0131na ev sahipli\u011fi yapan bir alan olmas\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fc. Meydan\u0131n bir taraf\u0131nda yer alan Meryem Ana Kilisesi (Fraunkirsche) yaln\u0131zca gotik ihti\u015fam\u0131yla de\u011fil, her g\u00fcn \u00f6\u011fleyin 12:00\u2019de \u00e7almaya ba\u015flayan mekanik saatiyle de dikkat \u00e7ekici. Kalabal\u0131klar\u0131n yo\u011fun ilgisini \u00e7eken bu mekanik g\u00f6steri, yedi elekt\u00f6r prensin tahta oturan IV. Karl\u2019\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnden sayg\u0131yla ge\u00e7i\u015flerini yans\u0131tmakta. Bu yedi fig\u00fcr, IV. Karl\u2019\u0131n 1356\u2019da yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Alt\u0131n Ferman (Goldene Bulle), imparatoru belirleme yetkisini verdi\u011fi yedi farkl\u0131 makam sahibini temsil etmektedir. Alt\u0131n Ferman, papan\u0131n imparator se\u00e7me yetkisini ve imparatora ta\u00e7 giydirme rit\u00fcelini sona erdiren; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131\u2019nda s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclen taht kavgalar\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u00e7 sava\u015flar\u0131 bitirmeye y\u00f6nelik bir anayasal metin niteli\u011finde. Kilisenin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, pazar yerinin di\u011fer taraf\u0131nda bulunan g\u00f6z al\u0131c\u0131 renklere sahip G\u00fczel \u00c7e\u015fme (Sch\u00f6ner Brunnen)<\/em> \u00fczerindeki d\u00f6rt katmandan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcnde de ayn\u0131 yedi fig\u00fcr g\u00f6ze \u00e7arp\u0131yor. Orijinal par\u00e7alar\u0131 koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve asl\u0131na sad\u0131k kal\u0131narak 1903 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f replika olan G\u00fczel \u00c7e\u015fme, \u00fczerinde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir demir i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi ile gizlenmi\u015f biri alt\u0131n sar\u0131s\u0131, di\u011feri siyah demir iki halkan\u0131n, sol elle 3 kez saat y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7evrilirse dileklerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fine ve \u015fans getirece\u011fine olan geleneksel inan\u0131\u015f nedeniyle N\u00fcrnberg\u2019de en \u00e7ok ra\u011fbet g\u00f6ren eserlerden biri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pazar yerinin \u00fcst taraf\u0131nda bulunan tarihi belediye binas\u0131 (Rathaus)<\/em> ve San Sebald Kilisesi aras\u0131ndan yoku\u015f yukar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek kale tepesine ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Kaleye girmeden \u00f6nce tepenin hemen alt\u0131nda, geleneksel ah\u015fap evlerin yan yana s\u0131raland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Wei\u00dfgerbergasse <\/em>ve N\u00fcrnberg\u2019li ressam  Albrecht D\u00fcrer\u2019in evi g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye de\u011fer. Nehre yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bir zamanlar deri tabakhanelerinin bulundu\u011fu ve zengin deri t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n\u0131n ah\u015fap kiri\u015fli, dik \u00e7at\u0131l\u0131 rengarenk evleriyle s\u00fcsl\u00fc Wei\u00dfgerbergasse<\/em>, Tabaklar Caddesi anlam\u0131na geliyor zaten.  Caddeye a\u00e7\u0131lan Tiergartnert\u00f6r<\/em> meydan\u0131nda ise Albrecht D\u00fcrer Evi (Albrecht D\u00fcrer Haus<\/em>) yer al\u0131yor. Yenilik\u00e7i bir R\u00f6nesans ressam\u0131 olan Albrecht D\u00fcrer\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dek ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve eserlerini \u00fcretti\u011fi bu ev Avrupa\u2019da 16.y\u00fczy\u0131ldan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze dek hi\u00e7 bozulmadan kalm\u0131\u015f tek sanat\u00e7\u0131 evi olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6nemli. Asl\u0131nda, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda N\u00fcrnberg\u2019i neredeyse yerle bir eden bombard\u0131mandan zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, ancak y\u0131k\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ve 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda asl\u0131na uygun \u015fekilde onar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.  Bug\u00fcn Albrecht D\u00fcrer M\u00fczesi olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6ren ev, ressam\u0131n kendisinden \u00f6nce basit bir zanaat olan bask\u0131 tekni\u011fini geli\u015ftirerek \u00fcretti\u011fi sanat eserleri hakk\u0131nda  fikir sahibi olmak i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat sunuyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir zamanlar Kaspar Hauser’in kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 N\u00fcrnberg Kalesi Kaiserburg<\/em> olarak an\u0131l\u0131yor. Bunun sebebi, Kutsal Roma Germen \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun fiili ba\u015fkentinin N\u00fcrnberg olmas\u0131 ve N\u00fcrnberg Kalesi\u2019nin de konaklama i\u00e7in imparatorlar\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli tercihi olmas\u0131. Alt\u0131n Ferman\u2019a g\u00f6re her se\u00e7ilen imparator ilk toplant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 N\u00fcrnberg\u2019de yapmak zorundaym\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla da toplant\u0131 mek\u00e2n\u0131 Kaiserburg<\/em> olurmu\u015f. Konumu ve etraf\u0131n\u0131 saran devasa hendekleri nedeniyle Orta \u00c7a\u011f boyunca ku\u015fatmayla, askeri g\u00fc\u00e7le ele ge\u00e7irilemeyen kalenin hendekleri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde N\u00fcrnberg Bira Festivali’ne ev sahipli\u011fi yapmakta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaleyi dola\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra \u015fehrin do\u011fu yakas\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcp Fraunkirche\u2019<\/em>nin arkas\u0131ndan ilerleyince M\u00fcze K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc (Museumbr\u00fccke)<\/em> ve k\u00f6pr\u00fc \u00fczerindeki Kutsal Ruh Hastanesi (Heilig-Geist-Spital) <\/em>kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za dikiliyor. Ya\u015fl\u0131 ve bak\u0131ma muhta\u00e7 bireyler i\u00e7in 1339\u2019da in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bu hastane. 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Pegnitz Nehri \u00fczerinde uzanan su kemerlerinin \u00fczerine yay\u0131larak geni\u015fletilmi\u015f ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00f6rkemli haline ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Hastane binas\u0131nda, 15-18. y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca Kutsal Roma-Germen \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun kutsal emanetleri saklanm\u0131\u015f. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ya\u015fl\u0131 bak\u0131m evi i\u015flevini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren bina geleneksel lezzetler sunan bir Frankonya  restoran\u0131na da ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Bu binan\u0131n hemen arkas\u0131nda Hans-Sachs-Platz<\/em> meydan\u0131 yer al\u0131yor. Hans Sachs, N\u00fcrnberg\u2019de hayat\u0131 boyunca kundurac\u0131l\u0131k zanaat\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f bir ozan. Saray dili yerine N\u00fcrnberg halk\u0131n\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcndelik dil ile yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiirler, \u015fark\u0131lar ve oyunlar \u00e7ok sevilmi\u015f.  Richard Wagner, N\u00fcrnbergli Usta \u015eark\u0131c\u0131lar<\/em> operas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f karakteri yaparak onurland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, alt\u0131 binden fazla eser vermi\u015f olan ozan\u0131. Ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi meydanda bronz sureti oturuyor bu g\u00fcn elinde kitab\u0131yla. Pegnitz Nehri’nin \u00f6te yan\u0131nda ise kentin en g\u00f6rkemli gotik mimari eseri Aziz Lorenz Kilisesi (Lorenzkirche) <\/em>dikiliyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00fcrnberg, Luther reformlar\u0131na itibar eden ilk protestan ba\u015fkentlerden biri olmas\u0131na ragmen de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcrecinde Katolik kiliselerindeki vitray, heykel ve resimler imha edilmeyip korunmu\u015f. Bu da kenti  farkl\u0131  Hristiyan mezhepleri i\u00e7in bir \u00e7ekim merkezi haline getiriyor. Her y\u0131l haziran ay\u0131nda, Paskalya\u2019dan 60 g\u00fcn sonraki ilk per\u015fembe g\u00fcn\u00fc kutlanan Katolik yortusu (Fronleichnam) <\/em>i\u00e7in N\u00fcrnberg\u2019e gelen y\u00fczlerce Protestan, Saint Sebald Kilisesi\u2019nde ayine kat\u0131l\u0131p Meryem Ana Kilisesi \u00f6n\u00fcndeki pazar meydan\u0131nda toplu halde kutsama rit\u00fceliyle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir dini etkinli\u011fe de ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00fcrnberg\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fclecek yerler sadece eski tarihi \u015fehirden ibaret de\u011fil. Kutsal Roma Germen \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun  ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u201cAlman\u201d kenti olmas\u0131, Nazi lideri Hitler i\u00e7in \u015fehri \u00f6nemli k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Nazi rejiminin propaganda ba\u015fkenti ilan edilen \u015fehir, Nazi \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hukuksal zeminini olu\u015fturan yasalar\u0131yla da \u00fcnl\u00fc maalesef. N\u00fcrnberg Kanunlar\u0131<\/em> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ile soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n temelleri burada \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f. \u015eehir Nazilerin \u015fa\u015fal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6sterilerine sahne olmu\u015f. N\u00fcrnberg\u2019in g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda on bir kilometrekareye yay\u0131lan bir alanda, Hitler\u2019in konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Zeppelintrib\u00fcn ile kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Nazi k\u0131talar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00f6ren y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015flerini yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Zeppelinfeld, bug\u00fcn kentin en \u00f6nemli ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131ndan biri. Biti\u015fi\u011findeki g\u00f6l\u00fcn yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda Roma Kolezyumu’ndan esinlenerek in\u015fa edilmi\u015f devasa kongre salonu Kongresshalle<\/em> ise devam eden restorasyonu nedeniyle \u015fimdilik bir \u015fantiye alan\u0131. Bu yap\u0131n\u0131n kuzey kanad\u0131nda ise Nazi ter\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc belgeleyen bir dok\u00fcmantasyon merkezi (Dokumentationszentrum)<\/em> bulunuyor.  \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda tarihe tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmi\u015f bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli yap\u0131 ise Nazilerin yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 N\u00fcrnberg Duru\u015fmalar\u0131’na ev sahipli\u011fi yapan Adalet Saray\u0131 (Justizpalast)<\/em>.  20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen Adalet Saray\u0131, tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 350 metrelik uzunlu\u011fuyla Bavyera Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n en uzun binas\u0131 olarak \u00fcnlenmi\u015f. Ancak \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 Nazilerin yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 mahkemeye ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131nca \u00fcn\u00fc katlanm\u0131\u015f. Nazilerin yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 salon, bug\u00fcn bir m\u00fcze olarak korunuyor.  Adalet Saray\u0131’n\u0131n tarihinde dikkat \u00e7eken bir ba\u015fka olay ise Adolf Hitler\u2019in hen\u00fcz Nazi lideri de\u011filken, 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir hakaret davas\u0131nda -y\u0131llar sonra N\u00fcrnberg duru\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 600 numaral\u0131 salonda- tan\u0131k k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131. Hitler\u2019in lehine tan\u0131kl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Julius Streicher, o g\u00fcnk\u00fc duru\u015fmada h\u00fck\u00fcm giymekten kurtulsa da y\u0131llar sonra -kurucusu oldu\u011fu Der St\u00fcrmer<\/em> gazetesiyle yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131  antisemitizm ve Nazi propagandas\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak- bu salona ikinci kez geli\u015finde insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lardan dolay\u0131 “ba\u015f sava\u015f su\u00e7lusu” olarak idama mahkum edilmi\u015f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00fcrnberg\u2019de, Friedrich Daumer\u2019in himayesindeki Kaspar Hauser ise Almanca okuma ve yazmay\u0131 iyice \u00f6\u011frenip kendini ifade edebilecek duruma geldi\u011finde ge\u00e7mi\u015fine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutacak bilgiler verebilmi\u015f.N\u00fcrnberg pazar meydan\u0131nda insan i\u00e7ine \u00e7\u0131kana dek, zifiri karanl\u0131k, dar bir h\u00fccrede, neredeyse  daima  oturur  vaziyette on alt\u0131 y\u0131l ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini, sadece ekmek ve su ile beslendi\u011fini, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir oyuncak tahta at\u0131n e\u015flik etti\u011fi zindandaki karanl\u0131k y\u0131llar\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir insan y\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini anlatan  Kaspar Hauser,  N\u00fcrnberg\u2019te  ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi bir y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda hamisi  Friedrich Damuer\u2019in evinin mahzeninde, y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc siyah bir ipek bir maske ile gizleyen, kara giysili bir ki\u015finin b\u0131\u00e7akl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131, yaraland\u0131 ama \u00f6lmedi. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131, Kaspar Hauser\u2019in \u00fczerindeki gizemi art\u0131rd\u0131. Kimileri delikanl\u0131n\u0131n Baden taht\u0131n\u0131n varisi oldu\u011funu ve tahttan uzak tutulmak i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fc bir bebekle de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fi dedikodular\u0131n\u0131 yayd\u0131. Kimileri de sald\u0131r\u0131ya dair bir tan\u0131k bulunmamas\u0131 nedeniyle Hauser\u2019in ilgi \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczmece bir hik\u00e2ye anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu geli\u015fmeler Lord Stanhope\u2019un ilgisini \u00e7ekince, Kaspar Hauser bu \u0130ngiliz aristokrat\u0131n himayesine girdi. Ancak bir s\u00fcre sonra Kaspar\u2019\u0131n tutars\u0131z davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na, baz\u0131 yalanlar\u0131na tan\u0131k olan Lord Stanhope, delikanl\u0131ya olan sempatisini yitirdi. Ocak 1832\u2019de Kaspar Hauser\u2019i ba\u015fka bir Bavyera kentine,  Ansbach\u2019a  g\u00f6nderdi.  Ansbach\u2019ta \u00f6\u011fretmen Johan Georg Meyer\u2019in yan\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lan Kaspar Hauser, bir s\u00fcre sonra Ansbach adliyesinde zab\u0131t katibi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ansbach, N\u00fcrnberg\u2019e 30-40 dakikal\u0131k mesafede yer alan tarihi bir Orta Frankonya kenti. Trenden iner  inmez,  istasyondan be\u015f dakikal\u0131k y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f mesafesinde Ansbach Hofgarten,<\/em> yani devasa bir saray bah\u00e7esine  ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Hofgarten<\/em>\u2019in tam ortas\u0131nda yer alan limonluk (Orangerie)<\/em>, esasen saraya ait narenciye a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 so\u011fuktan korumak i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilmi\u015f; ancak ilerleyen zamanlarda Ansbach u\u00e7 beyinin  (Markgraf)<\/em>  yazl\u0131k saray\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6rkemli bir yap\u0131. Markgraf,<\/em> Kutsal Roma Germen  \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda  imparatorlu\u011fun s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerini korumakla g\u00f6revli, idari ve askeri yetkilerle donanm\u0131\u015f u\u00e7 beylerini tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck. Orangerie\u2019<\/em>nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ilerleyip bah\u00e7eden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca u\u00e7 beyinin saray\u0131 (Rezidenz)<\/em> kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ziyaret\u00e7ileri. Rokoko mimari sanat\u0131n\u0131n esteti\u011fini sergileyen saray\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki meydandan (Schlossplatz) ilerleyerek Kaspar Hauser Meydan\u0131\u2019na var\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu meydanda Markgrafen M\u00fczesi’ni ge\u00e7ip sa\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fcnce biti\u015fik nizam, geleneksel Bavyera evleriyle  kentin  tarihi  dokusuna n\u00fcfuz etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Ta\u015f\u0131t trafi\u011fine kapal\u0131, geni\u015f bir yaya b\u00f6lgesi olan eski kent merkezinde Saint Gumbertus ve Saint Johannis kiliseleri y\u00fckseliyor. Kiliselerin g\u00f6lgesinde ise kafelerde, birahanelerde dinlenen ve demlenen insan kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131. Eski kentin merkezinde Kaspar Hauser an\u0131s\u0131na dikilmi\u015f iki  fig\u00fcrden  olu\u015fan bronz heykel y\u00fckseliyor. \u0130lki N\u00fcrnberg\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnk\u00fc haliyle buluntu \u00e7ocuk, ikincisi Ansbach\u2019ta  hayata veda eden zab\u0131t katibi Kaspar Hauser. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaspar Hauser\u2019in Ansbach\u2019taki \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de N\u00fcrnberg’de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 kadar esrarengiz. Annesi hakk\u0131nda  bilgi vermek  bahanesiyle \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131  gizli bulu\u015fma i\u00e7in 14 Aral\u0131k 1833 g\u00fcn\u00fc Hofgarten\u2019<\/em>e giden Kaspar Hauser burada u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u0131\u00e7akl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131da \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir yara ald\u0131.  Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra, 17 Aral\u0131k 1833\u2019te  ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi. Kaspar Hauser\u2019in b\u0131\u00e7akland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde an\u0131tsal bir gotik s\u00fctun yer al\u0131yor; \u00fczerinde Latince bir yaz\u0131:   Hic occultus occulto occisus est.<\/em>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gaipten gelen, burada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc gizlice.<\/em><\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ansbach\u2019ta ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi k\u0131sa \u00f6mr\u00fcnde Kaspar Hauser\u2019in defalarca ge\u00e7ti\u011fi Herrieder Tor<\/em>, eski kent merkezinin g\u00fcney kap\u0131s\u0131. Bu kap\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca ve Saray Meydan\u0131’ndan ba\u015flayarak eski kenti \u00e7evreleyen ana caddeyi (Promenade)<\/em> ge\u00e7ince on be\u015f dakikal\u0131k bir y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f mesafesinde \u015fehir mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Stadtfriedhof)<\/em> var. Buras\u0131 Kaspar Hauser\u2019in ebedi istihbaratg\u00e2h\u0131na ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Bu nedenle Ansbach ziyaret\u00e7ilerinin \u00f6nemli bir u\u011frak noktas\u0131.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asl\u0131nda mezarl\u0131k, Avrupa\u2019da \u00e7ok s\u0131k rastlanmayan bir mimari yap\u0131ya sahip. \u0130talyancada kutsal alan anlam\u0131na gelen Camposanto<\/em>  tarz\u0131 mezarl\u0131k mimarisinin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi olan yap\u0131, \u00fcst\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k, dikd\u00f6rtgen bir orta alan\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen revakl\u0131 koridorlar ve bu koridorlara a\u00e7\u0131lan s\u0131ra s\u0131ra dizili mezar odalar\u0131yla karakterize. Bu d\u00f6rtgen kabir d\u00fczenine Almanlar Gruften-Viereck<\/em> ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015f. Ansbach \u015fehir mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kentin ileri gelen ailelerine mensup ki\u015filerin defnedildi\u011fi kabirleri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran 160 mezar odas\u0131  bulunuyor.   Kaspar Hauser\u2019in mezar\u0131 ise orta k\u0131s\u0131mdaki a\u00e7\u0131k alanda yer al\u0131yor. Titiz bir otopsiden sonra 20 Aral\u0131k 1833 g\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r bir kalabal\u0131k e\u015fli\u011finde buraya defnedilmi\u015f.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaspar Hauser\u2019in Ansbach Markgrafen M\u00fczesi\u2019ndeki kanl\u0131 giysilerinden elde edilen \u00f6rneklerle yak\u0131n zamanda yap\u0131lan DNA incelemeleri delikanl\u0131n\u0131n bir hanedan varisi olamayaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Yine de Kaspar Hauser sadece N\u00fcrnberg ve Ansbach ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmayan bir \u00fcne kavu\u015fmu\u015f. Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n evlad\u0131 olarak an\u0131lacak kadar benimsenmi\u015f geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyada. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ansbach kent mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinde dikili ta\u015f \u00fczerindeki Latince yaz\u0131 delikanl\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetliyor bir anlamda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hic jacet Casparus Hauser, aenigma sui temporis, ignota nativitas, occulta mors. <\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burada asr\u0131n muammas\u0131 Kaspar Hauser yat\u0131yor. Do\u011fumu me\u00e7hul, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc esrarengiz.<\/em><\/strong>  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Orta\u00a0\u00c7a\u011f\u2019da,\u00a0N\u00fcrnberg\u2019te,\u00a0hayvansal ya\u011f\u00a0ve deri\u00a0ticaretinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0kuyruk ya\u011f\u0131 pazar meydan\u0131,\u00a0 Unschlittplatz\u2019da\u00a0sekiz\u00a0numaral\u0131\u00a0binan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde,\u00a0kendisine b\u00fcy\u00fck gelen partal giysileriyle ve elinde\u00a0\u015fi\u015fkin, kapal\u0131\u00a0bir\u00a0zarf ile\u00a0dikilen\u00a0delikanl\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0gizemi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilmi\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-avrupa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9649","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9649"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9649\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9701,"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9649\/revisions\/9701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9649"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9649"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agitoergosum.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}